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■동명사구 관용표현
(1) be busy ~ing (~하느라고 바쁘다)
We are busy preparing for the examination. 우리는 시험 준비하느라고 바쁘다.
(2) feel like ~ing (~하고 싶은 생각이 나다)
I don't feel like riding today. 나는 오늘은 차를 타고 싶은 생각이 없다.
I feel like marking cake for her birthday.
(3) It is no use ~ing = It is of no use to~ (~해야 소용없다)
It is no use talking to him. 그에게 얘기해 봐야 소용없다.
= It is (of) no use to talk to him.
= It is useless to talk to him.
= It is of no use talking to him. [미국식 표현]
It is no use trying to make him stay longer.
(4) keep + 목적어 + from ~ing (누구에게 ~을 못하게 하다)
The snow kept me from coming here. 눈 때문에 나는 여기에 올 수 없었다.
= I couldn't come here because of the snow.
(5) How (or What) about ~ing (~하는 것이 어떻겠느냐?)
How about going to the movies? = Shall we go~? 영화 보러 가는 것이 어떻겠습니까?
(6) go ~ing ( ~하러 가다)
They went hunting the day before yesterday. (그들은 그저께 사냥하러 갔다.)
go shopping (skating, skiing, swimming, boating 등)
(7) There is no ~ing (~하는 것은 불가능하다)
There is no saying what may happen.
= It is impossible to say what may happen.
There is no knowing what will happen in the future.
(8) On ~ing (~하자마자 = As soon as, When)
On hearing the sad news, she began to cry.
= As soon as she heard the sad news, she began to cry.
On returning home, he went straight to bed.
(9) be fond of + 동명사 「~을 좋아하다.」
He is fond of writing a letter. 그는 편지 쓰는걸 좋아한다.
(10) cannot help ~ing = cannot but + ® (~하지 않을 수 없다)
I cannot help feeling sorry for her. 나는 그녀를 동정하지 않을 수 없다.
I could not help laughing at him. 나는 그를 비웃지 않을 수 없었다.
(11) It goes without saying that ~ : ~은 말할 필요조차 없다.
= It is needless to say that ~
It goes without saying that he is very talented. 그가 매우 재능이 있다는 것은 말할 필요도 없다.
(12) make a point of ~ing (반드시 ~하다)
= make it a rule to + ®
I make a point of avoiding salty foods. 나는 반드시 짠 음식은 피한다.
(13) be worth ~ing : ~할 가치가 있다.
= be worth while to + 원형
= it is worth while to 원형
= deserve to be + 과거분사
His new suggestion is worth taking into account. 그의 새로운 제안은 고려할 가치가 있다.
= it is worthwhile to take his new suggestion into account.
This game is worth learning. 그 게임은 배울 가치가 있다.
(14) be on the point of ~ing : 막 ~하려고 하다.
= be about to + ®
I was just on the point of phoning you. 나는 막 너에게 전화하려고 했다.
(15) come near (to) ~ing : 거의 ~할 뻔 하다. 가까스로 ~을 면하다.
= nearly escape ~ing
Turning the corner, his car came near (to) colliding with a truck. 모퉁이를 돌면서, 그의 차는 하마터면 트럭과 충돌할 뻔 했다.
(16) of one’s own ~ing : 자기 자신이 (직접) ~한
= 과거분사 + by oneself
His money problems are those of his own making. 그의 돈 문제는 그 자신이 만든 것이다.
= His money problems are those made by himself.
(17) be far from ~ing : 결코 ~이 아니다.
= be never ~ = not ~ at all
Your work is far from (being) satisfactory. 너의 일은 결코 만족스럽지 않다.
= Your work is never satisfied.
= Your work isn't satisfied at all.
(19) not[never] - without ~ing = - 하면 반드시 ~한다
She cannot see a sad movie without crying. 그녀는 슬픈 영화를 보면 반드시 운다.
=Whenever she sees a sad movie, she cries.
(20) A prevent B form ~ing = A 때문에 B가 ~하지 못하다
His cold prevented him from going to work. 감기 때문에 그는 일하러 가지 못했다.
(21) What do you say to ~ing? : ~하는 것이 어떻습니까?, ~합시다.
= How about ~ing?
= Let’s ~.
What do you say to going out for dinner tonight?
=Let’s go out for dinner tonight.
(22) How [What] about ~ing? ~하는 것이 어때?
How (What) about going shopping with me? 나와 함께 쇼핑 가는 것이 어때?
(22) look forward to ~ing : ~하기를 고대하다
I'm looking forward to seeing you again. 나는 널 다시 만나기를 고대하고 있다.
(23) keep on -ing : 계속 ~하다.
They kept on talking with each other. 그들은 서로 계속 이야기 했다.
(24) spend ~ing : ~하면서 시간을 보내다.
I spent the whole day (in) spending reading. 나는 종일 독서하면서 보냈다.
(25) be attributed to ~ing : ~의 탓이다. ~에 기인하다
Our success can be attributed to your helping. 우리 성공은 여러분의 도움 덕분이다.
(26)be devoted to ~ing : ~에 헌신하다 (=be dedicated to ~ing)
He was devoted to stopping these crimes. 그는 이러한 범죄들을 멈추는데 헌신했다.
■동사(구) + to(전치사) + ing 구문
admit (to) ~ing : ~을 인정하다
be accustomed to –ing : -에 익숙하다
be attributed to –ing : -의 탓이다
be committed to –ing : -에 전념하다
be dedicated to –ing : -에 헌신하다
be devoted to –ing : -에 헌신하다
be used to –ing : -에 익숙하다
confess to –ing : -을 고백하다
contribute to –ing : -에 공헌하다
lead to –ing : -에 원인이 되다
look forward to –ing: -을 고대하다
object to –ing : -에 반대하다
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(1) be busy ~ing (~하느라고 바쁘다)
We are busy preparing for the examination. 우리는 시험 준비하느라고 바쁘다.
(2) feel like ~ing (~하고 싶은 생각이 나다)
I don't feel like riding today. 나는 오늘은 차를 타고 싶은 생각이 없다.
I feel like marking cake for her birthday.
(3) It is no use ~ing = It is of no use to~ (~해야 소용없다)
It is no use talking to him. 그에게 얘기해 봐야 소용없다.
= It is (of) no use to talk to him.
= It is useless to talk to him.
= It is of no use talking to him. [미국식 표현]
It is no use trying to make him stay longer.
(4) keep + 목적어 + from ~ing (누구에게 ~을 못하게 하다)
The snow kept me from coming here. 눈 때문에 나는 여기에 올 수 없었다.
= I couldn't come here because of the snow.
(5) How (or What) about ~ing (~하는 것이 어떻겠느냐?)
How about going to the movies? = Shall we go~? 영화 보러 가는 것이 어떻겠습니까?
(6) go ~ing ( ~하러 가다)
They went hunting the day before yesterday. (그들은 그저께 사냥하러 갔다.)
go shopping (skating, skiing, swimming, boating 등)
(7) There is no ~ing (~하는 것은 불가능하다)
There is no saying what may happen.
= It is impossible to say what may happen.
There is no knowing what will happen in the future.
(8) On ~ing (~하자마자 = As soon as, When)
On hearing the sad news, she began to cry.
= As soon as she heard the sad news, she began to cry.
On returning home, he went straight to bed.
(9) be fond of + 동명사 「~을 좋아하다.」
He is fond of writing a letter. 그는 편지 쓰는걸 좋아한다.
(10) cannot help ~ing = cannot but + ® (~하지 않을 수 없다)
I cannot help feeling sorry for her. 나는 그녀를 동정하지 않을 수 없다.
I could not help laughing at him. 나는 그를 비웃지 않을 수 없었다.
(11) It goes without saying that ~ : ~은 말할 필요조차 없다.
= It is needless to say that ~
It goes without saying that he is very talented. 그가 매우 재능이 있다는 것은 말할 필요도 없다.
(12) make a point of ~ing (반드시 ~하다)
= make it a rule to + ®
I make a point of avoiding salty foods. 나는 반드시 짠 음식은 피한다.
(13) be worth ~ing : ~할 가치가 있다.
= be worth while to + 원형
= it is worth while to 원형
= deserve to be + 과거분사
His new suggestion is worth taking into account. 그의 새로운 제안은 고려할 가치가 있다.
= it is worthwhile to take his new suggestion into account.
This game is worth learning. 그 게임은 배울 가치가 있다.
(14) be on the point of ~ing : 막 ~하려고 하다.
= be about to + ®
I was just on the point of phoning you. 나는 막 너에게 전화하려고 했다.
(15) come near (to) ~ing : 거의 ~할 뻔 하다. 가까스로 ~을 면하다.
= nearly escape ~ing
Turning the corner, his car came near (to) colliding with a truck. 모퉁이를 돌면서, 그의 차는 하마터면 트럭과 충돌할 뻔 했다.
(16) of one’s own ~ing : 자기 자신이 (직접) ~한
= 과거분사 + by oneself
His money problems are those of his own making. 그의 돈 문제는 그 자신이 만든 것이다.
= His money problems are those made by himself.
(17) be far from ~ing : 결코 ~이 아니다.
= be never ~ = not ~ at all
Your work is far from (being) satisfactory. 너의 일은 결코 만족스럽지 않다.
= Your work is never satisfied.
= Your work isn't satisfied at all.
(19) not[never] - without ~ing = - 하면 반드시 ~한다
She cannot see a sad movie without crying. 그녀는 슬픈 영화를 보면 반드시 운다.
=Whenever she sees a sad movie, she cries.
(20) A prevent B form ~ing = A 때문에 B가 ~하지 못하다
His cold prevented him from going to work. 감기 때문에 그는 일하러 가지 못했다.
(21) What do you say to ~ing? : ~하는 것이 어떻습니까?, ~합시다.
= How about ~ing?
= Let’s ~.
What do you say to going out for dinner tonight?
=Let’s go out for dinner tonight.
(22) How [What] about ~ing? ~하는 것이 어때?
How (What) about going shopping with me? 나와 함께 쇼핑 가는 것이 어때?
(22) look forward to ~ing : ~하기를 고대하다
I'm looking forward to seeing you again. 나는 널 다시 만나기를 고대하고 있다.
(23) keep on -ing : 계속 ~하다.
They kept on talking with each other. 그들은 서로 계속 이야기 했다.
(24) spend ~ing : ~하면서 시간을 보내다.
I spent the whole day (in) spending reading. 나는 종일 독서하면서 보냈다.
(25) be attributed to ~ing : ~의 탓이다. ~에 기인하다
Our success can be attributed to your helping. 우리 성공은 여러분의 도움 덕분이다.
(26)be devoted to ~ing : ~에 헌신하다 (=be dedicated to ~ing)
He was devoted to stopping these crimes. 그는 이러한 범죄들을 멈추는데 헌신했다.
■동사(구) + to(전치사) + ing 구문
admit (to) ~ing : ~을 인정하다
be accustomed to –ing : -에 익숙하다
be attributed to –ing : -의 탓이다
be committed to –ing : -에 전념하다
be dedicated to –ing : -에 헌신하다
be devoted to –ing : -에 헌신하다
be used to –ing : -에 익숙하다
confess to –ing : -을 고백하다
contribute to –ing : -에 공헌하다
lead to –ing : -에 원인이 되다
look forward to –ing: -을 고대하다
object to –ing : -에 반대하다
연습문제
1. 다음 보기와 의미가 같은 것을 고르시오.
보기:The heavy rain kept us from going out.
① The heavy rain stopped.
② We went out in the heavy rain.
③ It rained a lot whenever we went out.
④ We enjoyed the rain when we went out.
⑤ We couldn't go out because it rained a lot.
② We went out in the heavy rain.
③ It rained a lot whenever we went out.
④ We enjoyed the rain when we went out.
⑤ We couldn't go out because it rained a lot.
2. 다음 글의 빈칸 ⓐ와 ⓑ에 들어갈 말이 순서대로 바르게 짝지어진 것을 고르시오
Taekwondo, ⓐ is an art of self-defense without weapons, requires both mental and physical training. Beginners learn to sit up, turn over, and kick high. Advanced learners are able to break boards with only a fist. Highly skilled students of taekwondo use their hands and fists to keep their attackers from ⓑ.
① who-attacked
② which-attacking
③ that-attacked
④ who-attacking
⑤ which-attacked
② which-attacking
③ that-attacked
④ who-attacking
⑤ which-attacked
3. 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 바르지 않은 것은?
① They went skating yesterday.
② What do you feel like to do now?
③ I couldn't help staring at her.
④ What about watching a horror movie?
⑤ I spent many hours in reading detective novels.
① ①
② ②
③ ③
④ ④
⑤ ⑤
② ②
③ ③
④ ④
⑤ ⑤
4. 다음 빈칸에 알맞은 것을 고르시오.
After running, I felt like ________ water.
① drink
② drank
③ drinking
④ have drunk
⑤ to drink
② drank
③ drinking
④ have drunk
⑤ to drink
5. 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 바르지 않은 것은?
Howard's friends ① always tell him to stop ② smoking.
They think ③ smoking is unhealthy.
He knows ④ that, but he still keeps on ⑤ smoke.
① ①
② ②
③ ③
④ ④
⑤ ⑤
② ②
③ ③
④ ④
⑤ ⑤
6. 다음 우리말과 같은 뜻이 되도록 빈칸에 알맞은 것을 고르시오.
인호는 여름 방학을 컴퓨터 게임을 하면서 보냈다.
= Inho spent his summer vacation ________ .
① computer games playing.
② played computer games.
③ playing computer games.
④ to play computer games.
⑤ to have played computer games.
② played computer games.
③ playing computer games.
④ to play computer games.
⑤ to have played computer games.
7. 다음 문장의 빈칸에 가장 알맞은 것은?
I am looking forward to ________ the record.
① to listen
② listen
③ to listening
④ listening
⑤ being listened
② listen
③ to listening
④ listening
⑤ being listened
8. 두문장의 뜻이 같아지도록 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 쓰시오.
I cannot help laughing at the sight.
= I cannot but ________ at the sight.
① laughing
② laughed
③ to laugh
④ laugh
⑤ to laughing
② laughed
③ to laugh
④ laugh
⑤ to laughing
9. 두문장의 뜻이 같아지도록 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 쓰시오.
The moment the thief saw a policeman, he began to run.
= ________ ________ a policeman, the chief began to run.
① On seeing
10. 다음 문장의 빈칸에 가장 알맞은 것은?
i am fond of ________ .
① swim
② swimming
③ to swim
④ go swimming
② swimming
③ to swim
④ go swimming
11. 다음 우리말과 같은 뜻이 되도록 빈칸에 알맞은 것을 고르시오.
나는 비가 올 때면 영화가 보고 싶다.
= I ________ to the movies when it rains.
① had better go
② would rather go
③ feel like going
④ am supposed to go
⑤ ought to go
② would rather go
③ feel like going
④ am supposed to go
⑤ ought to go
12. 문장의 빈칸에 가장 알맞은 것은?
My elder brother is interested in ________ the violin.
① play
② playing
③ played
④ to play
⑤ to playing
② playing
③ played
④ to play
⑤ to playing
13. 문장의 빈칸에 가장 알맞은 것은?
The science book is worth ________ .
① to read
② reading
③ of reading
④ read
⑤ reading it
② reading
③ of reading
④ read
⑤ reading it
14. 문장의 빈칸에 가장 알맞은 것은?
She objected ________ like a child.
① to be treated
② to being treated
③ being treated
④ to treat
⑤ to treating
② to being treated
③ being treated
④ to treat
⑤ to treating
15. 문장의 빈칸에 가장 알맞은 것은?
She spent most of days ________ books.
① to read
② reading
③ to have read
④ having read
⑤ to having read
② reading
③ to have read
④ having read
⑤ to having read
16. 두 문장의 뜻이 같도록 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 쓰시오.
It is no use going there now.
= It is useless ________ ________ there now.
① to go
17. 두 문장의 뜻이 같도록 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 쓰시오.
I would like to go around somewhere without aim.
= I feel ________ ________ around somewhere without aim.
① like going
18. 두 문장의 뜻이 같도록 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 쓰시오.
It is needless to say that she is a liar.
= It goes without ________ that she is a liar.
① saying
19. 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 바르지 않은 것은?
① They went skating yesterday.
② What do you feel like to do now?
③ I couldn't help staring at her.
④ What about watching a horror movie?
⑤ I spent many hours in reading detective novels.
② What do you feel like to do now?
③ I couldn't help staring at her.
④ What about watching a horror movie?
⑤ I spent many hours in reading detective novels.
https://www.grammardic.co.kr/nbook/nn_ebook_list.asp?gcode=18602
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